Categorization and Cognition
Azita
Afrashi
- Associate professor, linguistics department, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
author
text
article
2014
per
Categorization is the principal cognitive and linguistic endowment of humans. Categorization is a multi faceted process. There are two main views to categorization: classical view and prototypical view. In this essay, these two views are compared with reference to Wittgenstein's approach to family resemblance in categorization. Then the representation of categorization is investigated in grammatical categories, levels of meaning, semantic features and definitions. This essay ends with a short reference to other aspects of categorization such as embodied cognition and cultural cognition.
Pazand Quarterly
Fatemeh Naeimi H.
1735-2290
10
v.
37
no.
2014
5
19
https://www.pazand.ir/article_142288_63eb7ea405074f5d91a2f613f55f79fe.pdf
Orientational Conceptual Metaphors in Persian: A Cognitive Perspective and a Corpus Driven Analysis
Kamyar
Julaei
M.A. in linguistics, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
author
Seyyed Mostafa
Asii
Professor, linguistics Department, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
author
text
article
2014
per
The present article studies conceptual metaphors in a representative corpus of Persian texts. Exploiting the Persian Linguistic Database (PLDB), we sampled a corpus of contemporary written texts, based on their similarity to the colloquial language of the Persian speakers, and then tried to identify and extract the relevant conceptual metaphors. The sample corpus contains 10 texts of contemporary Iranian writers, naming Hedayat, Jamalzadeh, Daneshvar, Aale –Ahmad, et al. Analyzing the corpus, the writer managed to extract nearly 2000 conceptual metaphors in the form of 600 name of the mappings. Then the conceptual metaphors classified according to the Lakoff and Johnson classification (1980) as ontological, structural and orientational, and a class of conceptual metaphors that Lakoff and Turner (1989) presented as image metaphors. As the next step I tried to determine the proportion of these classes comparing with each other. I concluded that the Persian speakers make use of ontological metaphors in their daily speech, more than other classes. Then I tried to determine which conceptual mappings and source domains are the most common ones in the class of orientational metaphors. Due to the corpus driven approach in the analysis of metaphors, considerable results obtained. For example it was observed that abstract concepts such as quantification, confrontation or control are understood via some spatial domains such as up & down, front & back and below & above. In addition, some ideas in the conceptual metaphor theory were criticized.
Pazand Quarterly
Fatemeh Naeimi H.
1735-2290
10
v.
37
no.
2014
21
36
https://www.pazand.ir/article_142291_d46968d59c46de1cfcbb311cb6cc1f25.pdf
Animals, their Body Parts and Behaviors as Source Domains of Conceptualization in Persian
Farideh
Haghbin
Associate professor, linguistics department, Alzahra university
author
text
article
2014
per
Animals and their physical and behavioral properties are principal cognitive categories. These concepts are based of conceptualization. The present paper tries to explicit how the concepts derived from various aspects of the life of animals are represented in Persian expressions by means of cognitive metaphors and metaphorical expansions in polysemous constructions.
Pazand Quarterly
Fatemeh Naeimi H.
1735-2290
10
v.
37
no.
2014
37
47
https://www.pazand.ir/article_142292_b0558504ca7332f026188b0de67ddef0.pdf
The Study of World Elements in "The first Snow" by Guy de Maupassant: A Cognitive Poetic Framework
Ifa
Shafaei
Ph. D. student in linguistics, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
author
text
article
2014
per
In this study "The First Snow" among series of stories by Guy de Maupassant will be analyzed in the Text World theory framework. Text World theory is a Cognitive approach which is used to understand literary works. The main question is to distinguish the principal characteristics used by the author and mental representations created by the reader. The present research shows that this story has mainly narrative structure and the descriptive axis turns around personification. Deictic and attitudinal sub-worlds constitute the majority of sub-worlds in this story which indicates that the author regularly places the reader in different situations; and also character's thought, attitude and desire have a great contribution to developing story by the author and forming mental worlds in reader's mind.
Pazand Quarterly
Fatemeh Naeimi H.
1735-2290
10
v.
37
no.
2014
49
67
https://www.pazand.ir/article_142293_9efe491499705994dd83a4c79e5b1c0c.pdf
An Introduction to Cognitive Phonology
Hengameh
Salehi Koopaei
Ph.D. student in linguistics, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies.
author
text
article
2014
per
Generative approach, whether standard generative approach or Optimality Theory is the dominant view in phonological research while phonological works within other approaches have been sparse. However regarding the fact that cognitive approach is a competitor to generative approach, in this research generative phonology is briefly introduced. To do so, two views are presented: Lakoff (1989), which is the first step in cognitive phonology, and Nesset (2008), which is a more recent and systematic view to this approach. This research shows that researchers in cognitive phonology are not unanimous in presenting an integrated framework and method of analysis.
Pazand Quarterly
Fatemeh Naeimi H.
1735-2290
10
v.
37
no.
2014
69
96
https://www.pazand.ir/article_142294_b176418b58cfe18219a315deb18c30fe.pdf
Emotions Conceptual Metaphors in Persian: A Cognitive Corpus-based Analysis
Seyyed Sajjad
Samet Jukandan
M. A. in linguistics, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
author
text
article
2014
per
This article first reviews findings from contemporary researches on cognitive and propositional (linguistic) approaches to emotion and then presents an analysis of a corpus of Persian language conceptual metaphors of colours based on instances collected from three corpora: Persian Linguistic Database (PLDB), Bijankhan Corpus/Peykare and Google search engine. To do so, a collection of two hundreds and thirteen keywords were selected and searched throughout corpora. Then, names of the mappings were extracted and classified. As a corollary of the patterns derived, it is argued that among the target domains, emotion by 87 instances had the highest frequency. The results of the study clearly show implications regarding growing a visual culture in Iranian Community.
Pazand Quarterly
Fatemeh Naeimi H.
1735-2290
10
v.
37
no.
2014
97
117
https://www.pazand.ir/article_142295_ca6a4c18ee6bb2f5b2777381f495d11a.pdf